Piles

• Types: Internal, external, thrombosed.
• Symptoms: Pain, itching, bleeding, swelling, discomfort during bowel movements, lumps near anus.
• Causes: Straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation or diarrhea, pregnancy, obesity, low-fiber diet.
• Diagnosis: Physical examination, digital rectal exam, anoscopy, colonoscopy.
• Treatment: Over-the-counter creams, suppositories, warm baths, high-fiber diet, hydration, medical procedures (banding, sclerotherapy, surgery).
• Prevention: High-fiber diet, adequate hydration, regular exercise, avoiding straining, maintaining healthy weight.
• Complications: Anemia (due to chronic blood loss), infection, strangulated hemorrhoid, prolapse.
• Risk Factors: Age, family history, sedentary lifestyle, prolonged sitting or standing.
• Management: Lifestyle changes, following treatment plans, regular medical follow-ups, maintaining bowel health.